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Schouten, Alexander. Endophyte Biotechnology: Potential for Agriculture and Pharmacology : Potential for Agriculture and Pharmacology. — Oxford, UNITED KINGDOM: CAB International, 2019. — 1 online resource (250) — <URL:http://elib.fa.ru/ebsco/2416036.pdf>.

Дата создания записи: 04.11.2019

Тематика: Fungi — Biotechnology.; Endophytes — Industrial applications.

Коллекции: EBSCO

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Оглавление

  • CABI Series
  • Endophyte Biotechnology Potential for Agriculture and Pharmacology
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • Contributors
  • Preface
  • 1 Introduction
    • 1.1 Microbes: Ancient Allies in Sustaining Plant Life
    • 1.2 The Plant Endosphere as Habitat for Microorganisms
    • 1.3 Exploiting Endophytes
    • 1.4 Aim of This Book
    • References
  • 2 Endophytic Fungi: Definitions, Diversity, Distribution and Their Significance in Plant Life
    • 2.1 Endophytes Defined
    • 2.2 How to Obtain and Analyse Fungal Endophytes from a Plant
    • 2.3 Diversity of Fungal Endophytes
    • 2.4 How Different Are Endophytic Fungi from Pathogenic Fungi?
    • 2.5 The Influence of the Host Plant on Asymptomatic Proliferation
    • 2.6 The Diversity and Distribution of Fungal Endophytes Inside a Plant
    • 2.7 Ecological Roles of Endophytes in Plant Life
    • 2.8 Competition between Endophytes and Pathogens
    • 2.9 Competition among Endophytes
    • 2.10 Mechanisms Involved in Endophyte-mediated Antagonism
      • 2.10.1 Attacking and trapping
      • 2.10.2 Competition for space and resources
      • 2.10.3 Chemical antibiosis
      • 2.10.4 Induced plant defences and tolerance
    • 2.11 Conclusions and Outlook
    • References
  • 3 Sources, Niches and Routes of Colonization by Beneficial Bacterial Endophytes
    • 3.1 Introduction
    • 3.2 Below-ground Colonization Routes
      • 3.2.1 From soil to inside roots
      • 3.2.2 From roots to above-ground organs
    • 3.3 Above-ground Colonization Routes
      • 3.3.1 Colonization through stomata, other natural openings and wounds
      • 3.3.2 Introduction by animal vectors
      • 3.3.3 Transmission from plants to plants
    • 3.4 Colonization of Reproductive and Disseminative Organs and Vertical Transmission
      • 3.4.1 Colonization of flowers
      • 3.4.2 Colonization of fruits
      • 3.4.3 Colonization of seeds and transmission of endophytic bacteria to the plant offspring
    • 3.5 Conclusions
    • Acknowledgements
    • References
  • 4 Analysing Seed Endophytes for Biotechnology
    • 4.1 Introduction
    • 4.2 Isolation of Seed Endophytes
      • 4.2.1 Seed surface sterilization
      • 4.2.2 Seed activation and extractionof endophytes
      • 4.2.3 Assessment of yet uncultivable microorganisms
      • 4.2.4 Phenotyping
    • 4.3 Molecular Techniques for theAnalysis of Seed Endophytes
      • 4.3.1 DNA extraction
      • 4.3.2 Differentiation between livingand dead cells
      • 4.3.3 DNA metabarcoding
        • Primers and PCR reaction
        • 16S rRNA
        • Internal transcribed spacer
        • High-throughput sequencing platforms
        • Computational data analysis for microbial community reconstruction
      • 4.3.4 Omics technologies
        • Metagenomics
        • Metatranscriptomics
        • Metaproteomics
        • Metabolomics
        • Multi-omics approaches
      • 4.4 Microscopic Visualizationof Seed Endophytes
        • 4.4.1 Confocal laser scanningmicroscopy
        • 4.4.2 Scanning electronmicroscopy
      • 4.5 Concluding Remarks
      • References
  • 5 Mitigating Climate Impacts on Crop Production via Symbiosis
    • 5.1 Introduction
    • 5.2 Fungal Endophytes and Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Plants
    • 5.3 Alternating Symbiotic Lifestyles of Fungal Endophytes
    • 5.4 Endophyte Commercialization
    • 5.5 BioEnsure® Field Performance
    • 5.6 Climate Mitigation and the Future of Poverty, Food Security and Political Stability
    • References
  • 6 Endophytes as Novel Pest Control Agents: Myth or Reality?
    • 6.1 Introduction
    • 6.2 The Nature of the Endophyte Literature
    • 6.3 Endophyte Distributions within Plants
    • 6.4 Endophytes and Insect Herbivores
    • 6.5 Endophytes and Higher Trophic Levels
    • 6.6 Endophytes and Plant Pathogens
    • 6.7 Conclusions
    • Acknowledgements
    • References
  • 7 Improved Adaptation of Temperate Grasses through Mutualism with Fungal Endophytes
    • 7.1 Introduction
    • 7.2 Fungal Endophytes Found in Temperate Grasses
      • 7.2.1 Obligate, systemic mutualists located in aerial tissues – Epichloë endophytes
        • Discovering Epichloë endophytes
        • Epichloë endophyte chemistry
        • Benefits to the host plant from Epichloë endophyte associations
        • Negative impacts of Epichloë endophytes on host plant adaptation
        • Host responses to Epichloë endophyte associations
        • Epichloë strain and host compatibility
        • Epichloë persistence in the host
      • 7.2.2 Facultative, systemic mutualists located in shoot and root tissue
      • 7.2.3 Facultative, non-systemic endophytes located in shoot tissue
    • 7.3 Interactions between Endophytic Taxa in Temperate Grasses
    • 7.4 Economic Importance of Fungal Endophytes in Temperate Grasses
    • 7.5 The Future for Fungal Endophytes of Temperate Grasses
    • Acknowledgements
    • References
  • 8 Interactive Effects of Co-occurring Epichloid Endophytes, Rhizobia and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Modulating Their Benefits to Grasses and Legumes
    • 8.1 Introduction
    • 8.2 Epichloid Endophytes of Grasses – a Private Symbiont with Multiple Effects within the Host Neighbourhood
    • 8.3 Co-occurrence of Functionally Distinct Symbionts that Can Share the Same Host: Epichloid Endophytes and AMF
    • 8.4 Co-occurrence of Functionally Distinct Symbioses that Can Share the Neighbourhood: Grass- Endophyte, Legume-Rhizobia and Mycorrhiza
    • 8.5 Concluding Remarks: Multisymbioses Public Benefits that Impact on the Symbiosphere
    • Acknowledgements
    • References
  • 9 Saving Resources: The Exploitation of Endophytes by Plants for the Biosynthesis of Multi-functional Defence Compounds
    • 9.1 Plants Are a Poor Food Source
    • 9.2 Plants and the Costs of Secondary Metabolism
      • 9.2.1 Streamlining the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
      • 9.2.2 Sequestering: lowering the nutritional value of plants
    • 9.3 Outsourcing of Secondary Metabolism through Endophytes
      • 9.3.1 Phytohormones produced by microorganisms
        • Indole acetic acid (IAA)
        • IAA is more than a phytohormone alone
        • Abscisic acid (ABA)
        • Additional roles of ABA
      • 9.3.2 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA)
        • Additional roles of 4-HBA
    • Conclusions and Outlook
    • References
  • 10 Bioprospecting of Endophytes
    • 10.1 Introduction
    • 10.2 Cytotoxic Metabolites from Endophytes
    • 10.3 Anti-infective Metabolites from Endophytes
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 11 Prospects for Biotechnological Exploitation of Endophytes Using Functional Metagenomics
    • 11.1 Introduction
    • 11.2 Functional Metagenomics of Endophytes
    • 11.3 Natural Products from Endophytes
    • 11.4 Enzymes from Endophytes
    • 11.5 Conclusion
    • References
  • 12 Interplay Between Endophyte and Host Plant in the Synthesis and Modification of Metabolites
    • 12.1 Short Introduction to the Levels of Interaction between Plants and Microbes
    • 12.2 Role of Secondary Metabolites in Plants and Fungi
    • 12.3 Potential of Endophyte–Plant Interactions to Synthesize Secondary Metabolites
      • 12.3.1 Synthesis in plant and metabolism by fungus
        • Potential of bioconversions by endophytic fungi for industrial applications
      • 12.3.2 Synthesis in fungus and metabolism by plant
      • 12.3.3 Sharing responsibilities: Plants and fungi contribute alike? The case of paclitaxel
    • 12.4 Concluding Remarks
    • References
  • Index

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