"The Surgical Handbook by Michael Karsy and esteemed colleagues addresses training gaps by exposing early trainees, medical students, residents, advanced practice providers, and non-specialists to a diverse array of surgical subspecialty diseases and acute management topics. The impressive breadth of content presented in this resource reflects multidisciplinary contributions. The text covers far more than existing medical handbooks, while featuring concise distillation of key points conducive to learning. The book is organized by 16 sections starting with general perioperative and operative management of topics that apply to all surgeons, such as critical care, trauma, and general surgery. Subsequent chapters encompass a full spectrum of surgical specialties-from vascular and cardiothoracic-to neurosurgery and orthopaedics, as well as handy evidence-based reference guides. The focused collection of topics within each section serves as a useful resource for learning about management of specific diseases and also a starting point for self-directed learning"--.

• The Surgical Handbook
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Contents
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Contributors
• 1 General Perioperative and Operative Management
  • 1.1 Perioperative Risk
    • 1.1.1 Overview
    • 1.1.2 Adverse Events
    • 1.1.3 Perioperative Management: Who Do I Order Further Testing for?
    • 1.1.4 Risk Calculators
  • 1.2 Perioperative Medical Optimization
  • 1.3 Fundamentals of Anesthesiology
    • 1.3.1 Standards for Basic Anesthesia Monitoring
    • 1.3.2 Anesthesia Basics
    • 1.3.3 Neuraxial Anesthesia
    • 1.3.4 Other Anesthesia Complications
    • 1.3.5 Postanesthetic Care Unit (PACU)
    • 1.3.6 Anesthesia Postoperative Management
  • 1.4 Wound Closure and Infection
    • 1.4.1 Preoperative Antibiotics
    • 1.4.2 Surgical Wound Closure
    • 1.4.3 Postoperative Fevers: Categories of Causes
    • 1.4.4 Wound Infection, Dehiscence, and Management
  • 1.5 Surgical Instruments
    • 1.5.1 Instrument Categories
    • 1.5.2 Qualities of Surgical-Grade Stainless Steel
    • 1.5.3 Instrument Maintenance
    • 1.5.4 Sterilization Methods
    • 1.5.5 Electrosurgery
  • References
• 2 Critical Care for Surgeons
  • 2.1 Organ System–Based Assessment in the SICU
    • 2.1.1 Summary
    • 2.1.2 Common Indications for Admissions to the SICU
    • 2.1.3 Pathways of Admission to the SICU
    • 2.1.4 Physiologic System–Based Assessment
    • 2.1.5 Neurologic System
    • 2.1.6 Cardiovascular System
    • 2.1.7 Pulmonary/Respiratory System
    • 2.1.8 Renal and Genitourinary System with Fluid Status and Electrolytes
    • 2.1.9 Gastrointestinal and Nutrition Status
    • 2.1.10 Metabolic, Endocrine System
    • 2.1.11 Infection, Hematologic System, Skin, and Wound Healing
    • 2.1.12 Severity of Illness: Scoring Systems in the SICU
  • 2.2 Neurological Monitoring
    • 2.2.1 Neurological Status in Critically Ill Patients
    • 2.2.2 Monitoring Indications
    • 2.2.3 Intracranial Pressure Management
    • 2.2.4 Elevated Intracranial Pressure Management
    • 2.2.5 Other Neurological Monitors
  • 2.3 Ventilator Management
  • 2.4 Hemodynamics
    • 2.4.1 Importance
    • 2.4.2 Prevalence
    • 2.4.3 Noninvasive Blood Pressure Monitoring Techniques
    • 2.4.4 Invasive Monitoring Techniques
    • 2.4.5 Indications for Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring
    • 2.4.6 Treatment of Hemodynamic Derangements
    • 2.4.7 Assessment of Volume Status and Volume Responsiveness
    • 2.4.8 Autoregulation and Individualized Approach to Hemodynamic Management
    • 2.4.9 Conditions Necessitating Elevated Maps
    • 2.4.10 Conditions Necessitating Lower than Expected MAP
    • 2.4.11 When Is Treatment/Resuscitation Adequate?
    • 2.4.12 Shock
    • 2.4.13 Vasoactive Agents
  • 2.5 Cardiac Arrhythmia in Surgical Patients
    • 2.5.1 Introduction
    • 2.5.2 Treatment
    • 2.5.3 Perioperative Cardiac Risk Assessment
    • 2.5.4 Myocardial Infarction
  • 2.6 Nutrition of the Critical Care and Postsurgical Patient
  • 2.6.1 Nutrition Overview
  • 2.6.2 Enteral Nutrition
  • 2.6.3 Parenteral Nutrition
  • 2.7 Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Abnormalities
    • 2.7.1 Fluids
    • 2.7.2 Electrolytes
    • 2.7.3 Acid/Base Evaluation
  • 2.8 Hematology and Coagulation
    • 2.8.1 Hematology
    • 2.8.2 Platelets and Clotting Factors
    • 2.8.3 Transfusion
  • 2.9 Acute Kidney Injury
  • 2.10 Infections in the Surgical ICU
    • 2.10.1 Nosocomial Fever and Leukocytosis
    • 2.10.2 Catheter-Related Blood Stream Infection (CRBSI)
    • 2.10.3 Indwelling Catheters
    • 2.10.4 Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CA-UTI)
    • 2.10.5 Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia/Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
    • 2.10.6 Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) Difficile Colitis
    • 2.10.7 Candidemia
    • 2.10.8 Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections, Peritonitis
    • 2.10.9 Necrotizing Fasciitis
    • 2.10.10 Penicillin Allergy
  • References
• 3 Trauma
  • 3.1 Advance Trauma Life Support (ATLS) and General Approachto Trauma
    • 3.1.1 Epidemiology
    • 3.1.2 Triage and Assessment
  • 3.2 Specific Injury Patterns in Trauma
  • 3.3 Specific Injury Patient Groups in Trauma
  • 3.4 Burn Evaluation and Management
  • References
• 4 General Surgery
  • 4.1 Acute Abdomen
    • 4.1.1 Overview and Principle
    • 4.1.2 Hollow Viscous Injuries Causing Acute Abdomen
    • 4.1.3 Inflammatory Causes of Acute Abdomen
    • 4.1.4 Other Causes of Acute Abdomen
  • 4.2 Abdominal Pathology
    • 4.2.1 Gastrointestinal Bleeding
    • 4.2.2 Esophageal Diseases
    • 4.2.3 Intestinal Obstruction
    • 4.2.4 Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
    • 4.2.5 Colorectal Disease
    • 4.2.6 Bariatric Surgery
  • 4.3 Pancreas and Hepatobiliary Pathology
    • 4.3.1 Pancreatic Disease
    • 4.3.2 Hepatobiliary Disease
    • 4.3.3 Cirrhosis
  • 4.4 Spleen Pathology
    • 4.4.1 Anatomy
    • 4.4.2 Physiology
    • 4.4.3 Nontrauma Pathologies
    • 4.4.4 Hematological Conditions
    • 4.4.5 Trauma Splenectomy
  • 4.5 Breast Diseases
    • 4.5.1 Fibroadenoma
    • 4.5.2 Fibrocystic Changes
    • 4.5.3 Phyllodes Tumor, Cystosarcoma Phyllodes
    • 4.5.4 Intraductal Papilloma
    • 4.5.5 Fat Necrosis
    • 4.5.6 Plasma Cell/Periductal Mastitis
    • 4.5.7 Galactocele
    • 4.5.8 Mastitis
    • 4.5.9 Mondor Disease
    • 4.5.10 Gynecomastia
    • 4.5.11 Poland Syndrome
    • 4.5.12 Nipple Discharge
    • 4.5.13 Cancer
  • 4.6 Surgical Oncology
    • 4.6.1 Overview and Principles
    • 4.6.2 Esophageal Cancer
    • 4.6.3 Gastric Cancer
    • 4.6.4 Cancers of the Small Intestine
    • 4.6.5 Colorectal and Cancer
  • 4.7 Transplantation
    • 4.7.1 Liver Transplantation
    • 4.7.2 Renal Transplantation
    • 4.7.3 Pancreas Transplantation
  • References
• 5 Vascular Surgery
  • 5.1 Atherosclerotic Disease and Ischemia
    • 5.1.1 Anatomy
    • 5.1.2 Vascular Imaging
    • 5.1.3 Vascular Occlusion and Ischemia
  • 5.2 Venous Insufficiency and Occlusion
    • 5.2.1 Venous Anatomy
    • 5.2.2 Venous Disease
    • 5.2.3 Venous Thromboembolism
  • 5.3 Vascular Aneurysms and Dissections
    • 5.3.1 Aneurysms
    • 5.3.2 Dissections
  • 5.4 Other Vascular Topics
    • 5.4.1 Lymphatic Disease
    • 5.4.2 Endovascular Procedures and Complications
    • 5.4.3 Hemodialysis Vascular Access and Management
    • 5.4.4 Diabetes in Vascular Medicine
  • References
• 6 Cardiothoracic Surgery
  • 6.1 Assistive Ventricular Devices and Cardiac Transplantation
    • 6.1.1 Durable Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs)
    • 6.1.2 Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support
    • 6.1.3 Cardiac Transplantation
  • 6.2 Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
    • 6.2.1 Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
    • 6.2.2 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)
  • 6.3 Heart Failure
    • 6.3.1 Epidemiology and Pathophysiology
    • 6.3.2 Common Etiologies of HF
    • 6.3.3 Precipitating Causes of HF
    • 6.3.4 Clinical Assessment
    • 6.3.5 Diagnosis/Testing
    • 6.3.6 Management
  • 6.4 Open Heart Surgery
    • 6.4.1 Cardiopulmonary Bypass
    • 6.4.2 Aortic Valve Surgery
    • 6.4.3 Mitral Valve Surgery
    • 6.4.4 Tricuspid Valve
    • 6.4.5 Infective Endocarditis
    • 6.4.6 Septal Defects
    • 6.4.7 Arrhythmia Surgery
    • 6.4.8 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
  • 6.5 Cardiopulmonary Neoplasms
    • 6.5.1 Pulmonary Neoplasms
    • 6.5.2 Pleural Neoplasms
    • 6.5.3 Cardiac Neoplasms
  • 6.6 Implantable Cardiovert Defibrillators and Pacemakers
    • 6.6.1 Implantable Cardiovert Defibrillators (ICDs)
    • 6.6.2 Implantable Cardiac Pacemakers
    • 6.6.3 Perioperative Management of Pacemakers and ICDs
  • References
• 7 Otolaryngology
  • 7.1 Airway Management/Tracheostomy
    • 7.1.1 Summary
    • 7.1.2 Definitions
    • 7.1.3 Epidemiology
    • 7.1.4 Diagnosis
    • 7.1.5 Imaging
    • 7.1.6 Medical Management
    • 7.1.7 Types of Airways
    • 7.1.8 Surgical Management
    • 7.1.9 Additional Topics
  • 7.2 Head and Neck Infections
    • 7.2.1 Sialadenitis
    • 7.2.2 Pharyngitis (aka Tonsillitis)
    • 7.2.3 Lymphadenitis
    • 7.2.4 Neck Space Infections/Abscesses
    • 7.2.5 Sinusitis
    • 7.2.6 Laryngotracheitis (aka “Croup”)
    • 7.2.7 Epiglottitis/Supraglottitis
    • 7.2.8 Otologic Infections
  • 7.3 Facial Trauma
    • 7.3.1 Summary
    • 7.3.2 Epidemiology
    • 7.3.3 Diagnosis
    • 7.3.4 Imaging
    • 7.3.5 Upper Face Trauma
    • 7.3.6 Nasal Trauma
    • 7.3.7 Midface Trauma
    • 7.3.8 Mandibular Trauma
  • 7.4 Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
    • 7.4.1 Epidemiology of Rhinosinusitis
    • 7.4.2 Diagnosis
    • 7.4.3 Imaging
    • 7.4.4 Medical Management
    • 7.4.5 Surgical Management
  • 7.5 Head and Neck Neoplasms
    • 7.5.1 Epidemiology
    • 7.5.2 Diagnosis
    • 7.5.3 Clinical History and Exam
    • 7.5.4 Imaging
    • 7.5.5 Differential Diagnosis
    • 7.5.6 Surgical Management
    • 7.5.7 Medical Management
  • References
• 8 Ophthalmology
  • 8.1 Ophthalmological Trauma and Other Emergencies
    • 8.1.1 Orbital Trauma
    • 8.1.2 Other Ophthalmological Emergencies
  • 8.2 Ophthalmology Neoplasms
    • 8.2.1 Epidemiology
    • 8.2.2 Diagnosis
    • 8.2.3 Imaging
    • 8.2.4 Medical Management
    • 8.2.5 Surgical Management
  • 8.3 Ophthalmological Infections
    • 8.3.1 Orbital Infection
    • 8.3.2 Other Conditions
  • References
• 9 Plastic Surgery
  • 9.1 Overview
  • 9.2 General Principles and Techniques
    • 9.2.1 Skin Closure and Favorable Scar Techniques
    • 9.2.2 Excision
    • 9.2.3 Reconstructive Ladder
  • 9.3 Grafts
  • 9.4 Flaps
  • Suggested Readings
• 10 Pediatrics
  • 10.1 Pediatric Physiology and Surgical Preparation
    • 10.1.1 Physiology Basics
    • 10.1.2 Anesthetic and Perioperative Considerations
  • 10.2 Cardiopulmonary Abnormalities
    • 10.2.1 Pulmonary Abnormalities
    • 10.2.2 Congenital Heart Disease
  • 10.3 Gastrointestinal Abnormalities
    • 10.3.1 Congenital Gastrointestinal Anomalies
    • 10.3.2 Acquired Gastrointestinal Conditions
    • 10.3.3 Hepatobiliary
    • 10.3.4 Hernias
  • 10.4 Pediatric Neoplasms
    • 10.4.1 Overview
    • 10.4.2 Specific Pediatric Tumors
  • 10.5 Craniofacial Anomalies
    • 10.5.1 Cleft Lip and/or Palate
    • 10.5.2 Craniosynostosis
  • 10.6 Genitourinary Abnormalities
    • 10.6.1 Common Pediatric Genitourinary Issues
    • 10.6.2 Congenital Anomalies
  • References
• 11 Genitourinary
  • 11.1 Urological Basics and Testing
    • 11.1.1 Foley Catheter Placement
    • 11.1.2 Urological Evaluation
    • 11.1.3 Radiological Evaluation
  • 11.2 Urinary Tract Infection and Inflammation
    • 11.2.1 Urinary Tract Infection
    • 11.2.2 Acute Pyelonephritis
    • 11.2.3 Urosepsis
    • 11.2.4 Prostatitis
    • 11.2.5 Other Infections/Inflammatory Conditions
  • 11.3 Lower Urinary Tract Disorders
    • 11.3.1 Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS)
    • 11.3.2 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
    • 11.3.3 Acute Urinary Retention
    • 11.3.4 Urinary Incontinence
    • 11.3.5 Nocturia
    • 11.3.6 Vesicovaginal Fistula (VVF) and Ureterovaginal Fistula (UVF)
    • 11.3.7 Urethral Stricture
  • 11.4 Reproductive and Sexual Function
    • 11.4.1 Common Conditions Affecting Sexual Health
  • 11.5 Nephrolithiasis/Urolithiasis, Ureter Injuries, and Renal Cysts
    • 11.5.1 Nephrolithiasis/Urolithiasis
    • 11.5.2 Urethral Injury
    • 11.5.3 Renal Cysts
  • 11.6 Genitourinary Neoplasms
    • 11.6.1 Presentation of Neoplasms
    • 11.6.2 Prostate Cancer
    • 11.6.3 Bladder Cancer
    • 11.6.4 Renal Cell Carcinoma
    • 11.6.5 Testicular Cancer
    • 11.6.6 Other Urological Neoplasms
• 12 Obstetrics/Gynecology
  • 12.1 General Gynecology
    • 12.1.1 Genital Tract Infections
    • 12.1.2 Genital Infections with Mass Lesions
    • 12.1.3 Genital Infections with Ulcerative Lesions
    • 12.1.4 Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
    • 12.1.5 Uterine Leiomyomas
    • 12.1.6 Endometriosis
    • 12.1.7 Adenomyosis
    • 12.1.8 Abnormal (Dysfunctional) Uterine Bleeding
    • 12.1.9 Gynecologic Causes of Acute Abdomen
    • 12.1.10 Other Gynecologic Causes of Pelvic Pain Imitating Acute Abdomen
  • 12.2 Gynecologic Oncology
    • 12.2.1 Red Flags for Gynecological Malignancies
    • 12.2.2 Ovarian, Fallopian Tube and Primary Peritoneal Cancer
    • 12.2.3 Endometrial Cancer
    • 12.2.4 Cervical Cancer
    • 12.2.5 Vulvar Cancers
  • 12.3 Obstetrics Overview
    • 12.3.1 Preconceptional Counseling
    • 12.3.2 Prenatal Care
    • 12.3.3 Gestational Age Assessment and Imaging Risks
    • 12.3.4 Early Pregnancy Loss
  • 12.4 Obstetrical Emergencies
    • 12.4.1 Hypertensive Diseases in Pregnancy
    • 12.4.2 Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
    • 12.4.3 Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy
    • 12.4.4 Obstetrical Hemorrhage
    • 12.4.5 Preterm (Premature) Labor and Birth
    • 12.4.6 Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM)
    • 12.4.7 Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy, Hyperemesis Gravidarum
    • 12.4.8 Surgery during Pregnancy
    • 12.4.9 Obstetric and Gynecologic Causes of Acute Abdomen During Pregnancy
  • References
• 13 Dermatology
  • 13.1 Skin Cancer
    • 13.1.1 Basal Cell Carcinoma
    • 13.1.2 Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    • 13.1.3 Cutaneous Melanoma
  • 13.2 Skin Flaps
    • 13.2.1 Anesthesia
    • 13.2.2 Antibiotic Use
    • 13.2.3 Prevention of Infective Endocarditis and/or Hematogenous Total Joint Infection
    • 13.2.4 Prophylaxis
    • 13.2.5 Prevention of Surgical-Site Infections
    • 13.2.6 Use of Blood Thinners
    • 13.2.7 Flap Techniques
  • References
• 14 Neurosurgery
  • 14.1 Traumatic Brain Injury
    • 14.1.1 Assessment and Treatment
    • 14.1.2 Guidelines
    • 14.1.3 Brain Death Examination
    • 14.1.4 Outcome/Rehabilitation
  • 14.2 Spinal Injury
    • 14.2.1 Epidemiology
    • 14.2.2 Diagnosis
    • 14.2.3 Imaging
    • 14.2.4 Medical Management
    • 14.2.5 Surgical Management
    • 14.2.6 Additional Topics
    • 14.2.7 Rehabilitation
  • 14.3 Vascular Diseases
    • 14.3.1 Anatomy/Physiology
    • 14.3.2 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
    • 14.3.3 Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage
    • 14.3.4 Stroke:
    • 14.3.5 Other Topics
  • 14.4 Neurosurgical Neoplasms
    • 14.4.1 Epidemiology
    • 14.4.2 Diagnosis
    • 14.4.3 Imaging
    • 14.4.4 Medical Management
    • 14.4.5 Surgical Management
  • 14.5 Peripheral Nerve Injury
    • 14.5.1 Introduction
    • 14.5.2 Injury Types
    • 14.5.3 Specific Injury Patterns
  • 14.6 Hydrocephalus
    • 14.6.1 Epidemiology
    • 14.6.2 Diagnosis
    • 14.6.3 Imaging
    • 14.6.4 Medical Management
    • 14.6.5 Surgical Management
  • References
• 15 Orthopaedics
  • 15.1 Fracture Basics and Compartment Syndrome
    • 15.1.1 Acute Fracture Management
    • 15.1.2 Open Fractures
    • 15.1.3 Fracture Healing
    • 15.1.4 Compartment Syndrome
  • 15.2 Upper Extremity Fractures
    • 15.2.1 Clavicle Fractures
    • 15.2.2 Scapula Fractures
    • 15.2.3 Proximal Humerus Fractures
    • 15.2.4 Humeral Shaft Fractures
    • 15.2.5 Distal Humerus Fractures
    • 15.2.6 Olecranon Fractures
    • 15.2.7 Radial Head Fractures
    • 15.2.8 Radius and Ulna Shaft Fractures
    • 15.2.9 Distal Radius
    • 15.2.10 Carpal Bone Fractures
    • 15.2.11 Hand Fractures
  • 15.3 Lower Extremity Fractures
    • 15.3.1 Pelvic Fracture
    • 15.3.2 Acetabular Fracture
    • 15.3.3 Femoral Fracture
    • 15.3.4 Patella, Tibial, and Ankle Fractures
    • 15.3.5 Foot Fractures
  • 15.4 Joint Injuries
    • 15.4.1 Glenohumeral Dislocations
    • 15.4.2 Elbow Dislocation
    • 15.4.3 Hand Joint Dislocations
    • 15.4.4 Hip Dislocation
    • 15.4.5 Knee Dislocation
    • 15.4.6 Subtalar Dislocation
    • 15.4.7 Joint Replacement
    • 15.4.8 Periprosthetic Fractures
    • 15.4.9 Septic Joints
  • 15.5 Orthopaedic Neoplasms
    • 15.5.1 General Approach to Orthopaedic Neoplasms
    • 15.5.2 Specific Benign Orthopaedic Lesions
    • 15.5.3 Specific Benign Orthopaedic Neoplasms
    • 15.5.4 Specific Malignant Orthopaedic Neoplasms
  • Reference
• 16 Medications and Rapid Access Information
  • 16.1 Medications
    • 16.1.1 Analgesia
    • 16.1.2 Anesthetics (Local)
    • 16.1.3 Anesthetics (Rapid Sequence Intubation Medications)
    • 16.1.4 Antiarrhythmic Medications
    • 16.1.5 Anticoagulant Agents and Anticoagulant Reversal Agents
    • 16.1.6 Antihypertensive Medications
    • 16.1.7 Asthma/COPD Nebulized Medications
    • 16.1.8 Bowel Regimen Medications
    • 16.1.9 Muscle Relaxants
    • 16.1.10 Sedation
    • 16.1.11 Seizure and Initial Status Epilepticus Management
    • 16.1.12 Steroid Medications
    • 16.1.13 Thrombolytic Bleeding Management
    • 16.1.14 Vasopressors and Inotropes
  • 16.2 Intubation, ACLS/PALS, Cardiac Arrest, and Stroke Reference
    • 16.2.1 Intubation Checklist
    • 16.2.2 Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Protocols
    • References
• Index