"This book is a contribution to the growing field of diachronic construction grammar. Focus is on corpus evidence for the importance of including conventionalized pragmatics within construction grammar and suggestions for how to do so. The empirical domain is the development of Discourse Structuring Markers in English such as after all, also, all the same, by the way, further and moreover (also known as Discourse Markers). The term Discourse Structuring Markers highlights their use not only to connect discourse segments but also to shape discourse coherence and understanding. Monofunctional Discourse Structuring Markers like further, instead, moreover are distinguished from multifunctional ones like after all and by the way. Drawing on usage-based work on constructionalization and constructional changes, the book is in three parts: foundational concepts, case studies, and currently open issues in diachronic construction grammar. These open issues are how to incorporate the concepts subjectification and intersubjectification into a constructional account of change, whether position in a clause is a construction, and the nature of constructional networks and how they change"--.

• Discourse Structuring Markers in English
• Editorial page
• Title page
• Copyright page
• Table of contents
• List of figures
• List of tables
• List of abbreviations
• Preface and acknowledgments
• Chapter 1. Introduction and overview
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Goals
  • 1.3 The empirical domain: Discourse Structuring Markers
  • 1.4 Overview of the book
  • 1.5 Data and methodology
  • 1.6 Summary
• Part I. Foundations
• Chapter 2. Cognitive linguistics and construction grammar
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Cognitive linguistics
  • 2.3 Goldberg’s model of construction grammar
  • 2.4 Croft’s (2001) model of a construction
  • 2.5 The semantics-pragmatics interface
  • 2.6 Summary of key points
• Chapter 3. A Diachronic Construction Grammar view of language change
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 What changes and how?
    • 3.2.1 “Usage changes” vs. “grammar changes”
    • 3.2.2 Innovation vs. change
    • 3.2.3 Gradualness vs. abruptness
  • 3.3 Mechanisms underlying change
    • 3.3.1 Neoanalysis, analogy, borrowing, and frequency
    • 3.3.2 Pragmatic inferencing
  • 3.4 Subjectification and intersubjectification
  • 3.5 Constructionalization and constructional changes
  • 3.6 A brief comparison of work on constructionalization and on grammaticalization
  • 3.7 Contexts for change
  • 3.8 Summary of key points
• Chapter 4. Discourse Structuring Markers and some generalizations about how they arise
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Pragmatic Markers
    • 4.2.1 Characteristics of Pragmatic Markers
    • 4.2.2 Characteristics of Discourse Markers
  • 4.3 Discourse Structuring Markers
    • 4.3.1 Constructional properties of Discourse Structuring Markers
    • 4.3.2 Types of Discourse Structuring Markers
    • 4.3.3 Interim summary
  • 4.4 Generalizations about the rise of Discourse Structuring Markers
    • 4.4.1 From Circumstance adverbial to [[Conjunct adverbial] ↔ [Discourse Structuring Marker]]
    • 4.4.2 From monofunctional to multifunctional Discourse Structuring Marker function
    • 4.4.3 Contexts for the rise of Discourse Structuring Markers
  • 4.5 A preliminary case study: The development of after all
    • 4.5.1 After all in contemporary American English
    • 4.5.2 A sketch of the history of after all
  • 4.6 Summary
• Chapter 5. Alternative hypotheses about the rise of Discourse Markers
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 The grammaticalization hypothesis
  • 5.3 The pragmaticalization hypothesis
  • 5.4 The hypothesis of cooptation to thetical grammar
  • 5.5 The Diachronic Construction Grammar hypothesis
  • 5.6 Summary comparison of the four approaches
• Part II. Case studies
• Chapter 6. The development of elaborative markers
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Also
  • 6.3 Further and furthermore
    • 6.3.1 Further
    • 6.3.2 Furthermore
  • 6.4 Moreover
  • 6.5 Other elaborators
  • 6.6 Conclusion
• Chapter 7. The development of contrastive markers
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 But
    • 7.2.1 Background
    • 7.2.2 The history of but
  • 7.3 All the same
  • 7.4 Instead
  • 7.5 Conclusion
• Chapter 8. The development of markers of “digressive” topic shift
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 By the way
  • 8.3 Three relatively unproductive markers of digression
    • 8.3.1 By the by
    • 8.3.2 Incidentally and parenthetically
  • 8.4 Some other alleged digressives
  • 8.5 Summary
• Chapter 9. The development of markers of return to a prior topic
  • 9. 1 Introduction
  • 9.2 To return to X point
  • 9.3 Back to X point
  • 9.4 Back to X topic
  • 9.5 Discussion
  • 9.6 Summary
• Chapter 10. The development of combinations of DMs
  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 DM combinations with also
    • 10.2.1 And + also
    • 10.2.2 So + also
    • 10.2.3 Combinations of two DMs with also
  • 10.3 The combination now then
  • 10.4 The rise of the combination Oh, by the way
    • 10.4.1 OBTW1
    • 10.4.2 OBTW2
  • 10.5 Oh combined with other DMs
  • 10.6 Discussion
  • 10.7 Conclusion
• Part III. Three open issues for a historical constructionalist perspective on pragmatics
• Chapter 11. Subjectification, intersubjectification and the rise of DSMs
  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.2 Characterizing subjectivity and intersubjectivity
  • 11.3 Characterizing subjectification and intersubjectification
  • 11.4 The relationship of textualization and (inter)subjectification in the development of DSMs
    • 11.4.1 Some generalizations
    • 11.4.2 Digressive markers, textualization, subjectification and intersubjectification
  • 11.5 Default features of a DSM construction
  • 11.6 Summary
• Chapter 12. Clausal positions of DMs
  • 12.1 Introduction
  • 12.2 The main positions with respect to the clausal host
    • 12.2.1 Pre-clausal position
    • 12.2.2 Post-clausal position
    • 12.2.3 Clause-medial position
  • 12.3 A hypothesis about the relationship between subjectivity, intersubjectivity and position
  • 12.4 Two case studies revisited with position in focus
    • 12.4.1 Positions in which elaborative and contrastive after all is used
    • 12.4.2 Positions in which digressive by the way is used
  • 12.5 Conclusion
• Chapter 13. Changes in networks and nodes
  • 13.1 Introduction
  • 13.2 The network metaphor
    • 13.2.1 “Vertical” inheritance networks
    • 13.2.2 “Horizontal” networks
  • 13.3 Networks and change
    • 13.3.1 Vertical inheritance networks and change
    • 13.3.2 Horizontal networks and change
  • 13.4 Representing changing networks
  • 13.5 Incorporating context into network models
  • 13.6 Conclusion
• Chapter 14. Conclusion and prospects
  • 14.1 Introduction
  • 14.2 Summary of main points
  • 14.3 Some suggestions for further work
• References
  • Data resources and corpora
  • List of references
• Names index
• Subject index