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Smith, Robert E.,. Systems thinking in medicine and new drug discovery. Volume one / / by Robert E. Smith. — 1 online resource (xv, 616 pages) : illustrations. — <URL:http://elib.fa.ru/ebsco/1986600.pdf>.Дата создания записи: 20.12.2018 Тематика: Drug development.; Pharmaceutical chemistry.; Integrative medicine.; Human biology.; Drug Discovery.; Drug development.; Human biology.; Integrative medicine.; Pharmaceutical chemistry.; MEDICAL / Pharmacology Коллекции: EBSCO Разрешенные действия: –
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Оглавление
- Contents
- Preface
- Chapter One
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Reductionist Thinking and DNA
- 1.3 Systems Thinking
- 1.3.1 Definition and the importance of change
- 1.3.2 Misconceptions that are clarified by systems thinking
- 1.3.3 Characteristics of systems thinking
- 1.3.4 The roots of systems thinking
- 1.3.5 Autopoiesis and Gaia
- 1.3.6 Systems view of autopoiesis and stem cells
- 1.3.7 The importance of networks in life
- 1.3.8 Genetics and systems thinking
- 1.3.9 Nonlinearity and rhythms in living systems
- 1.3.10 The –omics, from genomics to personal –omics
- 1.3.11 A multidimensional, non-linear view of diseases
- 1.3.12 Drugs that bind to multiple targets
- 1.3.13 Modularity of biological networks
- 1.3.14 Going beyond genomics and looking for hidden connections
- 1.3.15 Tools for understanding metabolism better
- 1.3.16 Evidence based medicine and the Critical Path Initiative
- 1.3.17 Cancer Genome Characterization Initiative, CGCI
- 1.3.18 Systems-based thinking in education, in contrast with reductionist thinking inadvertisements and propaganda
- 1.4 More systems thinking is needed
- 1.5 Reductionist thinking is still useful
- References
- Chapter Two
- 2.1 The human ecosystem, holobionts, hologenome and viruses
- 2.2 The widespread existence of microbes in the human body
- 2.3 Gut microbiome and the enteric nervous system (ENS
- 2.3.1 Composition of the gut micr
- 2.3.2 Interactions and communication between the ENS and the rest of the body
- 2.3.3 Communication between the gut microbiome, ENS, brain and immune system
- 2.3.4 The gut microbiota and ENS comprise an entero endocrine organ
- 2.4 The role of the gut microbiome in preventing diseases
- 2.5 The role of gut microbiome dysbiosis in causing diseases
- 2.5.1 The importance of biodiversity
- 2.5.2 The gut microbiome and inflammation
- 2.5.3 The benefits of vegan and vegetarian diets
- 2.5.4 The gut microbiome and cardiovascular diseases
- 2.5.5 The role of the gut microbiome in stress, anxiety and neurodegenerative diseases
- 2.5.6 The importance of healthy microbiota in obtaining an effective response to vaccines
- 2.5.7 The importance of oral health and preventing periodontal disease
- 2.6 Factors affecting the composition of the microbiome
- 2.7 Viruses are important, too
- 2.8 Eukarya in the human microbiome
- 2.8.1 Introduction to the microbial eukaryotic cells in the human microbiome
- 2.8.2 Fungi
- 2.8.3 Protozoa and intestinal worms (helminths)
- References
- Chapter Three
- 3.1 How new drugs are developed
- 3.1.1 Select a Disease
- 3.1.2 Select a therapeutic target or phenotype
- 3.1.3 Find a lead compound
- 3.1.4 Improve the lead compound
- 3.1.5 Drug delivery
- 3.1.6 Manufacturing and cGMP
- 3.1.7 Clinical trials
- 3.1.8 Many drugs that were developed and approved had a single therapeutic target
- 3.1.9 Combinations of drugs are also used and are being developed
- 3.1.10 Some targets are now known to have formerly unexpected biological roles
- 3.1.11 Some drugs may be useful in treating other diseases
- 3.1.12 The Reemergence of Phenotypic Screening
- 3.1.13 Other new approaches to new drug discovery
- 3.2 The difference between how prescription drugs, dietary supplements and ‘super-foods’ are developed and used
- 3.2.1 ‘Superfoods’
- 3.2.2 Dietary supplements: from amphetamine to fish oil to vitamin D and folic acid
- 3.2.3 A complex, nonlinear dynamic systems perspective on Ayurveda and Ayurvedic research
- 3.2.4 Discovery and development of innovative drugs from traditional medicine by integrated chinmedomics strategies in the post-genomic era
- 3.2.5 A complex systems science perspective for whole systems of complementary and alternative medicine research
- 3.2.6 A Pilot Feasibility Study of whole-systems Ayurvedic medicine and yoga therapy for weight loss
- 3.2.7 Prescription drugs and weight loss supplements for weight loss
- 3.2.8 Prescription drugs: strict protocols and quality management systems, take much longer to reach the market
- 3.3 Immunotherapy – using one’s own body to cure one’s self
- 3.4 Synthetic biology and CRISPR technology in new drug development
- 3.5 Rapid prototyping by 3D printing
- 3.5.1 Introduction
- 3.5.2 Biodegradable scaffolds
- 3.5.3 Other applications of 3D and 4D printing
- 3.5.4 Other personalized medical devises
- References
- 3.1 How new drugs are developed
- Appendix
- A1.1 Introduction
- A1.2 Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectrophotometry and Fluorescence Spectroscopy
- A1.3 HPLC and UPLC
- A1.4 Gas Chromatography, GC
- A1.5 Mass Spectrometry, GC-MS and LC-MS
- A1.6 Quantitative Analysis
- A1.7 IR and NMR
- A1.8 Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI
- References
- Abbreviations and Acronyms Used
- Index
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