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Smith, Robert E.,. Systems thinking in medicine and new drug discovery. Volume one / / by Robert E. Smith. — 1 online resource (xv, 616 pages) : illustrations. — <URL:http://elib.fa.ru/ebsco/1986600.pdf>.

Record create date: 12/20/2018

Subject: Drug development.; Pharmaceutical chemistry.; Integrative medicine.; Human biology.; Drug Discovery.; Drug development.; Human biology.; Integrative medicine.; Pharmaceutical chemistry.; MEDICAL / Pharmacology

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Table of Contents

  • Contents
  • Preface
  • Chapter One
    • 1.1 Introduction
    • 1.2 Reductionist Thinking and DNA
    • 1.3 Systems Thinking
      • 1.3.1 Definition and the importance of change
      • 1.3.2 Misconceptions that are clarified by systems thinking
      • 1.3.3 Characteristics of systems thinking
      • 1.3.4 The roots of systems thinking
      • 1.3.5 Autopoiesis and Gaia
      • 1.3.6 Systems view of autopoiesis and stem cells
      • 1.3.7 The importance of networks in life
      • 1.3.8 Genetics and systems thinking
      • 1.3.9 Nonlinearity and rhythms in living systems
      • 1.3.10 The –omics, from genomics to personal –omics
      • 1.3.11 A multidimensional, non-linear view of diseases
      • 1.3.12 Drugs that bind to multiple targets
      • 1.3.13 Modularity of biological networks
      • 1.3.14 Going beyond genomics and looking for hidden connections
      • 1.3.15 Tools for understanding metabolism better
      • 1.3.16 Evidence based medicine and the Critical Path Initiative
      • 1.3.17 Cancer Genome Characterization Initiative, CGCI
      • 1.3.18 Systems-based thinking in education, in contrast with reductionist thinking inadvertisements and propaganda
    • 1.4 More systems thinking is needed
    • 1.5 Reductionist thinking is still useful
    • References
  • Chapter Two
    • 2.1 The human ecosystem, holobionts, hologenome and viruses
    • 2.2 The widespread existence of microbes in the human body
    • 2.3 Gut microbiome and the enteric nervous system (ENS
      • 2.3.1 Composition of the gut micr
      • 2.3.2 Interactions and communication between the ENS and the rest of the body
      • 2.3.3 Communication between the gut microbiome, ENS, brain and immune system
      • 2.3.4 The gut microbiota and ENS comprise an entero endocrine organ
    • 2.4 The role of the gut microbiome in preventing diseases
    • 2.5 The role of gut microbiome dysbiosis in causing diseases
      • 2.5.1 The importance of biodiversity
      • 2.5.2 The gut microbiome and inflammation
      • 2.5.3 The benefits of vegan and vegetarian diets
      • 2.5.4 The gut microbiome and cardiovascular diseases
      • 2.5.5 The role of the gut microbiome in stress, anxiety and neurodegenerative diseases
      • 2.5.6 The importance of healthy microbiota in obtaining an effective response to vaccines
      • 2.5.7 The importance of oral health and preventing periodontal disease
    • 2.6 Factors affecting the composition of the microbiome
    • 2.7 Viruses are important, too
    • 2.8 Eukarya in the human microbiome
      • 2.8.1 Introduction to the microbial eukaryotic cells in the human microbiome
      • 2.8.2 Fungi
      • 2.8.3 Protozoa and intestinal worms (helminths)
    • References
  • Chapter Three
    • 3.1 How new drugs are developed
      • 3.1.1 Select a Disease
      • 3.1.2 Select a therapeutic target or phenotype
      • 3.1.3 Find a lead compound
      • 3.1.4 Improve the lead compound
      • 3.1.5 Drug delivery
      • 3.1.6 Manufacturing and cGMP
      • 3.1.7 Clinical trials
      • 3.1.8 Many drugs that were developed and approved had a single therapeutic target
      • 3.1.9 Combinations of drugs are also used and are being developed
      • 3.1.10 Some targets are now known to have formerly unexpected biological roles
      • 3.1.11 Some drugs may be useful in treating other diseases
      • 3.1.12 The Reemergence of Phenotypic Screening
      • 3.1.13 Other new approaches to new drug discovery
    • 3.2 The difference between how prescription drugs, dietary supplements and ‘super-foods’ are developed and used
      • 3.2.1 ‘Superfoods’
      • 3.2.2 Dietary supplements: from amphetamine to fish oil to vitamin D and folic acid
      • 3.2.3 A complex, nonlinear dynamic systems perspective on Ayurveda and Ayurvedic research
      • 3.2.4 Discovery and development of innovative drugs from traditional medicine by integrated chinmedomics strategies in the post-genomic era
      • 3.2.5 A complex systems science perspective for whole systems of complementary and alternative medicine research
      • 3.2.6 A Pilot Feasibility Study of whole-systems Ayurvedic medicine and yoga therapy for weight loss
      • 3.2.7 Prescription drugs and weight loss supplements for weight loss
      • 3.2.8 Prescription drugs: strict protocols and quality management systems, take much longer to reach the market
    • 3.3 Immunotherapy – using one’s own body to cure one’s self
    • 3.4 Synthetic biology and CRISPR technology in new drug development
    • 3.5 Rapid prototyping by 3D printing
      • 3.5.1 Introduction
      • 3.5.2 Biodegradable scaffolds
      • 3.5.3 Other applications of 3D and 4D printing
      • 3.5.4 Other personalized medical devises
    • References
  • Appendix
    • A1.1 Introduction
    • A1.2 Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectrophotometry and Fluorescence Spectroscopy
    • A1.3 HPLC and UPLC
    • A1.4 Gas Chromatography, GC
    • A1.5 Mass Spectrometry, GC-MS and LC-MS
    • A1.6 Quantitative Analysis
    • A1.7 IR and NMR
    • A1.8 Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI
    • References
  • Abbreviations and Acronyms Used
  • Index

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