"This volume sets out to discuss the role of norms and normativity in both language and linguistics from a multiplicity of perspectives. These concepts are centrally important to the philosophy and methodology of linguistics, and their role and nature need to be investigated in detail. The chapters address a range of issues from general questions about ontology, epistemology and methodology to aspects of particular subfields (such as semantics and historical linguistics) or phenomena (such as construal and code-switching). The volume aims to further our understanding of language and linguistics as well as to encourage further discussion on the metatheory of linguistics. Due to the fundamental nature of the issues under discussion, this volume will be of interest to all linguists regardless of their background or fields of expertise and to philosophers concerned with language or other normative domains"--.

• Normativity in Language and Linguistics
• Editorial page
• Title page
• Copyright page
• Table of contents
• Foreword
• Norms and normativity in language and linguistics: Basic concepts and contextualisation
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Concepts and terms
    • 2.1 Norms in general
    • 2.2 Rules and principles: Central features
  • 3. A historical perspective
  • 4. The present volume: Outline and contextualisation
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
• Concerning the scope of normativity
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Generalities
    • 2.1 Truth as norm
    • 2.2 On knowledge and belief
    • 2.3 The dual nature of beliefs
    • 2.4 Descriptive vs. prescriptive attitude vis-à-vis norms
  • 3. Semantics
    • 3.1 Necessary truth as the basis of philosophical/linguistic semantics
    • 3.2 Necessary truth as an exemplification of normativity
    • 3.3 Normativity prevails over psychology/cognition
    • 3.4 Linguistic vs. cognitive semantics
  • 4. Rational explanation
    • 4.1 Definition
    • 4.2 Justification in three different situations
      • 4.2.1 No laws
      • 4.2.2 Statistical laws
      • 4.2.3 Universal (= deterministic) laws
    • 4.3 Theoretical vs. practical reasoning
      • 4.3.1 Two inverse types of inference
      • 4.3.2 Sufficient vs. necessary conclusions of practical reasoning
    • 4.4 Conclusion
  • 5. The implicit normativity of everyday life
  • 6. Epilogue
  • References
• Norms of language: What kinds and where from? Insights from phenomenology
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Some basic concepts and insights of phenomenology
    • 2.1 What is phenomenology?
    • 2.2 Intentionality and intuition
    • 2.3 Operative intentionality and embodied intersubjectivity
    • 2.4 Life world, typification and sedimentation
    • 2.5 Summary
  • 3. Itkonen on language norms, accessible by intuitions
    • 3.1 Norms of correctness and rationality
    • 3.2 Intuitions and their objects
    • 3.3 Variation in intuitions and norms
    • 3.4 Parallels and differences between the levels in language and logic
  • 4. Coseriu’s levels of linguistic normativity
  • 5. Levels of normativity and phenomenology
  • 6. Summary and conclusions
    • What is the ontology of language norms?
    • How are norms known?
    • What kinds of norms are there?
    • Where do norms derive from?
    • What are the main characteristics of language norms?
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
• A primer for linguistic normativists
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. What is a normative domain?
  • 3. What is a rule?
    • Case 1
    • Case 2
    • Case 3
  • 4. Is there such a thing as grammaticality? (1)
  • 5. Is there such a thing as grammaticality? (2)
  • 6. The place of linguistic intuition
  • 7. Normativity and prescriptivism
  • 8. Etiological analysis: Further discussion
  • 9. Should we love traditional grammar?
  • 10. Summary and conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
  • Appendix
• The normative basis of construal
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Cognitive and socio-normative approaches to meaning: Bridging the gap
    • 2.1 Usage-based grammar: Social and cognitive facets of language
    • 2.2 Cognitive grammar, meaning, and normativity
  • 3. Construal re-interpreted
    • 3.1 Construal in Cognitive Grammar
    • 3.2 Construal as conventionalized intentionality
  • 4. Alternative construals in context: The role of normative meaning
  • 5. Conclusion
  • References
• Language as a system of norms and the Voloshinovian critique of abstract objectivism
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. On the dialogical approach and Voloshinov’s theory of language
  • 3. Voloshinov on the philosophy of language
    • 3.1 Voloshinov’s theory of signs
    • 3.2 Two trends of thought
    • 3.3 The mistakes of abstract objectivism
    • 3.4 The roots of abstract objectivism
    • 3.5 Voloshinov on meaning
    • 3.6 Voloshinov’s theory of the utterance
  • 4. On Voloshinov’s critique of abstract objectivism
    • 4.1 General remarks
    • 4.2 On the concept of langue
    • 4.3 On the concept of parole
    • 4.4 On synchrony
    • 4.5 On Voloshinov’s theory of meaning
    • 4.6 On “written language bias”
    • 4.7 On normativity
  • 5. Conclusion: Language as a system of norms
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
• Linguistic variation and change: A normative approach
  • 1. Introduction: Normativity, variation, and change
  • 2. Metatheoretical foundations of sociolinguistics and historical linguistics
    • 2.1 Defining linguistic variation
    • 2.2 Defining language change
    • 2.3 Rational explanation
  • 3. Conceptualizing variation in normative terms
    • 3.1 Types of linguistic variation
    • 3.2 Variation and norms
    • 3.3 Norms and the speech community
    • 3.4 Statistical description and a methodological note
  • 4. Ontology of language change
    • 4.1 Change of norms, innovation and propagation
    • 4.2 The “ontological leap” and the role of statistics
    • 4.3 Phases of norm change: Methodological considerations
  • 5. Conclusions
  • References
• Intuition and beyond: A hierarchy of descriptive methods
  • 1. Preliminary remarks
  • 2. The primacy of intuition
    • 2.1 Intuition-based linguistics
    • 2.2 Normative filters involved in corpus linguistics
  • 3. Beyond intuition
    • 3.1 Recourse to corpus
    • 3.2 Recourse to questionnaire (plus corpus)
      • 3.2.1 Knowledge of semantic networks
      • 3.2.2 Knowledge of derivations
      • 3.2.3 Knowledge of rare words
  • 4. Strict experimentation
    • 4.1 An example
    • 4.2 The hierarchy of the methods involved in experimentation
  • References
• Norms of correctness and rationality in research on code-switching
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. The concepts of norm and normativity
    • 2.1 The notion of rule-governed behaviour
    • 2.2 On rationality and the explanation of actions
  • 3. Syntactic research on code-switching: An overview of approaches
  • 4. An alternative interpretation and a methodological proposal
    • 4.1 A reinterpretation: Back to basics
    • 4.2 Methodological implications: Terminology, methods, testing, explanation
  • 5. Explaining code-switching: The role of rationality
  • 6. Discussion: Syntheses and analogies
  • 7. Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
• Index