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INAMUDDI, N. NANOMATERIAL-SUPPORTED ENZYMES [[electronic resource].]. — [S.l.]: MATERIALS RESEARCH FORUM, 2022. — 1 online resource — <URL:http://elib.fa.ru/ebsco/3296298.pdf>.

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6/2/2022

Subject

Enzymes — Biotechnology.

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EBSCO

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  • front-matter
    • Table of Contents
    • Preface
  • 1
    • Recent Advances in Enzyme Immobilization in Nanomaterials
    • 1. Enzymes and their uses/ applications/ functions
      • 1.2 Definition of enzyme
      • 1.2 History & etymology of enzymes
      • 1.3 Nomenclature
      • 1.4 Enzyme activity
      • 1.5 Sequence similarity
      • 1.6 Chemical structure
      • 1.6.1 Co-factor
      • 1.6.2 Co-enzymes
      • 1.6.3 Inhibitor
      • 1.6.3.1 Competitive
      • 1.6.3.2 Non-competitive
      • 1.6.3.3 Uncompetitive
      • 1.6.3.4 Mixed
      • 1.6.3.5 Irreversible
      • 1.6.4 Functions of inhibitors
      • 1.7 Mechanism of enzymes working
      • 1.7.1 Substrate binding
      • 1.7.2 "Lock and key" model
      • 1.7.3 “Induced fit” model
      • 1.7.4 Catalysis
      • 1.7.5 Dynamics
      • 1.7.6 Substrate presentation
      • 1.7.7 Allosteric modulation
      • 1.8 Factor affecting enzymes activity
      • 1.9 Functions
      • 1.9.1 Biological functions
      • 1.9.1.1 Metabolism
      • 1.9.1.2 Control activity
      • 1.9.1.2.1 Regulation
      • 1.9.1.2.2 Post-translational modification
      • 1.9.1.2.3 Quantity
      • 1.9.1.2.4 Subcellular distribution
      • 1.9.1.2.5 Organ specialization
      • 1.9.2 Industrial applications
    • 2. Different methods for enzymes immobilization in nanomaterials
      • 2.1 Adsorption
      • 2.2 Covalent bonding
      • 2.3 Entrapment
      • 2.4 Cross-linking
      • 2.5 Bio-affinity interactions and other techniques
    • 3. Enzymes immobilization on different nanomaterial
      • 3.1 Immobilization of carbonaceous nanomaterials
      • 3.2 Carbon nanotube
      • 3.2.1 Graphene
      • 3.2.2 Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide
      • 3.3 Immobilization on metal/metal oxides nanomaterials
      • 3.3.1 Metal nanomaterial
      • 3.3.2 Metal hydroxide
      • 3.3.3 Metal oxide nanomaterials
      • 3.4 Immobilization of conductive polymers
      • 3.5 Enzyme immobilization on other materials
    • 4. Application of immobilized enzymes on nanomaterials
      • 4.1 Electrochemical sensing applications of enzyme immobilized on nanomaterials
      • 4.1.1 Amperometric biosensors
      • 4.1.2 Potentiometric biosensors
      • 4.1.2.1 Ion selective electrode
      • 4.1.2.2 Enzyme field-effect transistors
      • 4.1.2.3 Light addressable potentiometric sensors
      • 4.1.3 Conductometry
      • 4.1.4 Impedimetric enzyme biosensors
      • 4.2 Fuel cell applications of enzyme immobilized on nanomaterials
      • 4.3 Bio-sensor applications of enzyme immobilized on nanomaterials
      • 4.4 Enzyme nanoparticles for biomedical application
      • 4.4.1 Thrombolytic therapy
      • 4.4.2 Oxidative stress and tnflammation therapy
      • 4.4.3 Antibacterial treatment
      • 4.5 Water contaminants treatment applications of enzyme immobilized on nanomaterials
      • 4.5.1 Removal of emerging content
      • 4.5.2 Disinfection
      • 4.6 Water contaminants monitoring applications of enzyme immobilized on nanomaterials
      • 4.6.1 Bacterial approach
      • 4.6.2 Colorimetric approach
      • 4.6.3 Electro-enzymatic approach
      • 4.7 Other applications of immobilized enzymes on nanomaterials
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 2
    • Production, Properties and Applications of Materials-based Nano-Enzymes
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. Production and properties of nanomaterial-based enzymes
      • 2.1 Chemical synthesis of nanomaterial-based enzymes
      • 2.2 Physical synthesis of nanomaterial-based enzymes
      • 2.3 Biological synthesis of nanomaterial-based enzymes
      • 2.4 Properties of nanomaterial-based enzymes
    • 3. Application of nanomaterial-based enzymes in the food industry
      • 3.1 Carbon-based nanomaterial enzyme biosensors
      • 3.2 Zinc oxide-based nanomaterial enzyme biosensors
      • 3.3 Magnetite-based nanomaterial enzyme biosensors
      • 3.4 Copper cluster-based nanomaterial enzyme biosensors
      • 3.5 Noble metal-based nanomaterial enzyme biosensors
    • 4. Challenges and prospects
    • Conclusions
    • References
  • 3
    • Use of Nanomaterials-Based Enzymes in the Food Industry
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. Nanozymes and its features
    • 3. Catalytic mechanism of nanomaterials based enzymes
    • 4. Nanomaterials-based enzymes for food analysis
      • 4.1 Metal oxide-based
      • 4.2 Metal-based nanozymes
      • 4.3 Metal-organic frameworks based nanozymes
      • 4.4 Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP)-Based
      • 4.5 Carbon-based nanozymes
    • 5. Schemes to improve substrate specificity of nanozymes
    • 6. Some other applications in the food industry
      • 6.1 Intentional adulteration
      • 6.2 Detection system for insecticides
      • 6.3 Design for detection of gram negative bacterium
      • 6.4 Detection of ethanol
      • 6.5 Mycotoxins
      • 6.6 Other food contaminants detection
      • 6.6.1 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
      • 6.6.2 Hydroquinone (H2Q)
      • 6.6.3 Arsenic-III
      • 6.6.4 Norovirus (NoV)
    • Conclusion
    • Acknowledgment
    • References
  • 4
    • Nanomaterials Supported Enzymes: Environmental Applications for Depollution of Aquatic Environments
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. Enzymes
    • 3. Sources of enzymes and their applications
    • 4. Enzyme immobilization
    • 5. Methods of Immobilization
      • 5.1 Adsorption
      • 5.2 Entrapment
      • 5.3 Covalent binding
      • 5.4 Cross-linking
    • 6. Nanosupports for enzyme immobilization
      • 6.1 Silica nanosupports
      • 6.2 Carbon nanosupports
      • 6.3 Metallic nanosupports
    • 7. Applications of nanosupported enzymes in the depollution of aquatic environment
      • 7.1 Water treatment applications
      • 7.1.1 Eradication of emerging pollutants
      • 7.1.2 Disinfection
      • 7.2 Water monitoring applications
      • 7.2.1 Electro-enzymatic method
      • 7.2.2 Colorimetric method
      • 7.2.3 Bacterial monitoring
    • Conclusion and Future Perspectives
    • References
  • 5
    • Enzyme Immobilized Nanoparticles Towards Biosensor Fabrication
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. Enzyme immobilized nanomaterials
      • 2.1 Metal nanomaterials
      • 2.2 Metal oxide nanomaterials
      • 2.3 Carbon-derived nanomaterials
      • 2.4 Polymeric nanomaterials
      • 2.5 Nanocomposites
    • 3. Enzyme immobilized nanomaterial-based biosensors and their applications
      • 3.1 Electrochemical biosensors
      • 3.2 Optical biosensors
      • 3.3 Piezoelectric and gravimetric biosensor
      • 3.4 Magnetic biosensors
    • 4. Future perspectives
    • Conclusions
    • References
  • 6
    • Applications of Nanoparticles-based Enzymes in the Diagnosis of Diseases
      • 1.1 Nanomaterials
      • 1.2 Enzymes
      • 1.3 Nanomaterials supported enzymes (NSEs)
    • 2. Applications of nanomaterial supported enzymes (NSEs)
      • 2.1 Role of NSEs in disease diagnosis and therapeutics
      • 2.2 Use of NSEs in therapeutic
      • 2.3 Applications of NSEs in biofilms and tumor prevention/disruption
      • 2.4 The NSEs as enzymes inhibitors
      • 2.5 Enzymatic Inhibition
      • 2.6 Nanozymes for Inactivation/Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2
    • 3. Role in biology and medicine
    • 4. Nanozymes for sensing applications
    • 5. Cancer tumor and bacterial detection
    • 6. Imaging, diagnostics and biomarker monitoring
    • 7. Role in HIV reactivation
    • 8. Nanozymes for live cell and organelle imaging
    • 9. The role of nanozymes in cardiovascular diseases (CVDS)
    • 10. Diagnosis of CVDs
    • 11. Applications of Nanozymes in the treatment of CVDs
    • 12 The role of nanozymes in cyto-protecting
    • 13. Advances of nanozymes in the neural disorders
    • 14. Future prospects of NSEs
    • Conclusions
    • References
  • 7
    • Drug Delivery using Nano-Material based Enzymes
    • 1. Introduction to Nanozymes
    • 2. Categorical distribution of nanozymes based on material type
      • 2.1 Metal-based nanozymes
      • 2.2 Fe-based nanozymes
      • 2.3 Carbon-based nanozymes
    • 3. Major Classes of nano-enzyme based on mode of action
      • 3.1 Antioxidant nanozymes
      • 3.2 Superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant nanozymes
      • 3.3 Pro-oxidant nanozymzes
    • 4. Nanoparticles with enzyme-responsive linker
    • 5. Nanozymes preparation
      • 5.1 Hydrothermal method
      • 5.2 Solvothermal method
      • 5.3 Co-precipitation method
    • 6. Development of endogenous enzyme-responsive nanomaterials
      • 6.1 Synthesis of nanomaterials with enzyme-responsive core
      • 6.2 Nanoparticles construction with enzyme responsive crown
      • 6.3 Modification of nanomaterials with enzyme responsive linker
      • 6.4 Nanoparticles and enzyme-responsive ligands
    • 7. Factors affecting nanozymes activity
      • 7.1 Morphology
      • 7.2 Size
      • 7.3 Surface modifications
    • 8. Therapeutic applications of nanozymes
      • 8.1 Cytoprotection
      • 8.2 Nano carriers
      • 8.3 Nanozymes as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antibiofilm agents
      • 8.4 Nanomaterials based targeted drug delivery to overcome tuberculosis (TB)
      • 8.5 Anti-tumor drug delivery via enzyme-responsive NPs
    • 9. Limitations of nanozymes
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 8
    • Biomedical uses of Enzymes Immobilized by Nanoparticles
    • 1. Introduction
    • 2. Enzymes immobilization methods
    • 3. Choice of supports
      • 3.1 Entrapment
      • 3.2 Crosslinking
      • 3.3 Covalent attachment
      • 3.4 Adsorption
    • 4. Carrier bound method: general concept
    • 5. Degradation of dye pollutants
    • 6. Fe3O4 along with L-asparaginase
    • 7. Chitin and chitosan support material for immobilization
      • 7.1 Biomedical applications
    • 8. Zinc oxide nano-particles
    • 9. Modern applications
      • 9.1 Biosensor
      • 9.2 MnFe2O4@SiO2@PMIDA magnetic nanoparticles for antibody immobilization
    • Conclusion
    • Acknowledgment
    • References
  • 9
    • Use of Nanomaterials-based Enzymes in Vaccine Production and Immunization
    • 1. Intrоduсtiоn
    • 2. Enzymes
      • 2.1 Hоw enzymes wоrk
      • 2.2 Natural and Artificial Enzymes
    • 3. Nаnоzymes
    • 4. Nаnоzymes in vассine рrоduсtiоn аnd immunizаtiоn
      • 4.1 Nаnоmаteriаl-bаsed enzymes in vассine рrоduсtiоn
      • 4.1.1 Nаnоflu
      • 4.1.2 СОVID-19 vассine
      • 4.2 Nanomaterial-based enzymes in immunization
    • References
  • back-matter
    • Keyword Index
    • About the Editors

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